Modern propaganda is a consistent, enduring effort to create or shape events to influence the relations of the public to an enterprise, idea, or group.
This practice of creating circumstances and of creating pictures in the minds of millions of persons is very common. Virtually no important undertaking is now carried on without it, whether that enterprise be building a cathedral, endowing a university, marketing a moving picture, floating a large bond issue, or electing a president. Sometimes the effect on the public is created by a professional propagandist, sometimes by an amateur deputed for the job. The important thing is that it is universal and continuous; and in its sum total it is regimenting the public mind every bit as much as an army regiments the bodies of its soldiers.
Edward Louis Bernays (1891−1995), the recognized father of public relations and nephew of Sigmund Freud, was a pioneer American publicist in the field of propaganda (describing it as a necessary component of democratic government) and generally considered to have been the first to develop the idea of the professional public relations counselor. He worked for dozens of government agencies, politicians, nonprofits, and major American corporations, with his best-known work being a 1929 campaign to promote female smoking by branding cigarettes as feminist “Torches of Freedom.” His book Propaganda explores the psychology behind manipulating the masses (describing them as irrational and subject to herd instinct) and the ability to use symbolic action and propaganda to influence politics, effect social change, and lobby for gender and racial equality, before outlining how skilled practitioners can use crowd psychology and psychoanalysis to control the masses in desired ways.
Coming soon . . .
“A highly entertaining book . . . copiously documented.” —The Saturday Review of Literature
“The only difference between propaganda and education, remarks Edward L. Bernays, is in the point of view. ‘The advocacy of what we believe in is education. The advocacy of what we don’t believe is propaganda.’” —George Sylvester Viereck, Spreading Germs of Hate
“It’s a curiosity whether Bernays is being disingenuous or simply naive in his sunny conclusions.” —medium.com
“Read Propaganda by Edward L. Bernays and find out.” —The Brooklyn Daily Times
“Bernays’ honest and practical manual provides much insight into some of the most powerful and influential institutions of contemporary industrial-state capitalist democracies.” —Noam Chomsky
“He has grasped the ‘bull by the horns,’ boldly titled it Propaganda, and then with all the vigor of his craftsmanship attempted to give the fine old word its proper desserts.” —Salt Lake Telegram
“He . . . misses entirely the fact that the close connection of the word [propaganda] with the activities of the Roman Catholic Church may have affected its connotations with the rural, Protestant majority of the American public.” —Sales Management and Advertisers’ Weekly
“Mr. Bernays’ impressive reference to colleges, churches, and other national agencies now employing propagandist methods for worthy ends only tends to substantiate my contention that we are living at a time when the very most sacred, rare, and hitherto carefully guarded treasures of civilization are obliged to turn to ballyhoo and sell caricatures of themselves to opened-mouthed idlers in the marketplace.” —Everett Dean Martin, The Forum
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