The Sandman by E.T.A. Hoffmann (Heathen Short)

The Sandman

Heathen Short #14
Author
E.T.A. Hoffmann
Translator
John Oxenford
First Edition
1816 / 1844
Heathen Short
January 2026
Refreshed
Pages
48
Heathen Genera
Existentialicious
ISBN
979-8-90075-014-9

This answer of my mother’s did not satisfy me — nay, in my childish mind the thought soon matured itself that she only denied the existence of the Sandman to hinder us from being terrified at him. Certainly I always heard him coming up the stairs. Full of curiosity to hear more of this Sandman, and his particular connection with children, I at last asked the old woman who tended my youngest sister what sort of man he was.

“Eh, Natty,” said she, “do you not know that yet? He is a wicked man, who comes to children when they will not go to bed, and throws a handful of sand into their eyes, so that they start out bleeding from their heads. These eyes he puts in a bag and carries them to the half-moon to feed his own children, who sit in the nest up yonder, and have crooked beaks like owls with which they may pick up the eyes of the naughty human children.”

A most frightful image of the cruel Sandman was horribly depicted in my mind, and when in the evening I heard the noise on the stairs, I trembled with agony and alarm. My mother could get nothing out of me, but the cry of “The Sandman, the Sandman!”

Ernst Theodor Amadeus Hoffmann (1776–1822) was a German Romantic author of fantasy and Gothic horror, as well as a jurist, composer, music critic, and artist. From 1816 to 1817, he published Night Pieces, a collection of eight stories in two volumes. Largely ignored upon release, several tales later drew significant analysis, with “The Sandman” emerging as Hoffmann’s most enduring work. A delirious tale of shattered vision and spiritual dismemberment, the uncanny here is no mere trick of perception — it is the collapse of reality itself. Nathaniel, a doomed romantic gripped by childhood trauma, is haunted by Coppelius, a spectral optician whose instruments of precision conceal a deeper violence. Eyes are plucked, souls distorted, and love reduced to clockwork. At the story’s center stands Olympia — silent, radiant, and impossibly still. “The Sandman” is a fever dream of Enlightenment gone sour, where the boundaries between soul and mechanism, memory and madness, blur beyond recognition. It mocks the rational mind and exalts the terror of childhood fears made incarnate.

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"The Sandman" is a carefully structured study of developing insanity.
E.F. Bleiler
Supernatural Fiction Writers

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